DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AC/SOLAR RECHARGEABLE LANTERN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE.. ii

DEDICATION.. iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. v

TABLE OF CONTENTS. vi

LIST OF FIGURES. viii

ABSTRACT. ………ix

CHAPTER ONE.. 1

INTRODUCTION.. 1

1.1Background to the Study. 1

1.2The Sun and the nature of light Energy. 3

1.3Solar lamp. 4

1.4Solar Cell4

1.4.1Solar Cell Voltage and Current5

1.5How s solar Panel Works. 6

1.6Photovoltaic applications. 9

1.6.1 Basic operation of PV cells. 10

1.6.2 Photovoltaic Systems. 10

1.6.3Stand-alone PV systems. 11

1.7LED Lighting. 13

1.8Photovoltaic LED lighting systems. 14

1.9 Component Description. 15

1.9.1 Light Emitting Diode. 15

1.9.2 Relay. 16

1.9.3 Solar Power Panel17

1.9.4 Battery. 18

1.9.4.1 Lithium Ion Battery. 19

1.9.4.2 Lead-acid batteries. 19

1.9.5 Resistors. 20

1.9.6Diode. 20

1.9.7 Capacitor. 21

1.9.8Transformer. 22

1.9.9Connecting Wire. 23

1.9.10Vero Board. 23

CHAPTER TWO.. 25

MATERIALS AND METHODS. 25

2.1Materials. 25

2.2Tools Used in the Construction of AC/Solar Rechargeable Lantern. 25

2.2.1 Pin Plier. 25

2.2.2 Small Flat-Blade Screw Driver. 26

2.2.3Vero Board. 26

2.2.4Soldering Iron. 27

2.2.5Soldering Iron Stand. 27

2.2.6Desoldering Pump (Solder Sucker)27

2.2.7Solder Reel or Solder. 28

2.2.8Side Cutters. 28

2.2.9Multimeter. 28

CHAPTER THREE.. 30

ANALYSIS. 30

3.1Construction Procedure for the Veroboard. 30

Step 1: Solar Lamp Circuit30

3.2Testing. 32

3.3Principle of Operation. 32

3.4 Cost Analysis. 33

CHAPTER FOUR.. 34

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION.. 35

4.1Discussion. 35

4.2Conclusion. 35

4.3Recommendations. 36

REFERENCES. 37

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